
TEF TCF expression écrite is the section that makes most students nervous — and for good reason. Unlike listening and reading, there’s no multiple choice to fall back on. It’s just you, a blank page, and 60 minutes to prove you can write in French.
But here’s the thing — the writing section is actually the most predictable part of both the TEF and TCF exams. The formats never change, the scoring criteria are public, and with the right templates, you can walk in with a clear plan for every prompt they give you.
This guide covers both exams side by side — with sample prompts, a full model essay, and the exact strategies our 14 native French teachers use to help students score CLB 7 (equivalent to IELTS 7.0) on their first attempt.
TEF Expression Écrite: 2 tasks · 60 minutes · Score: 0-450 · CLB 7 = 310/450
TCF Expression Écrite: 3 tasks · 60 minutes · Score: 0-20 · CLB 7 = 12/20
Both exams: Handwritten on paper · No spellcheck · No dictionary allowed
CLB 7 = IELTS 7.0 — the minimum for most Express Entry applications
TEF vs TCF Expression Écrite: What’s the Difference?
Both exams test your ability to write in French, but the format is different. The TEF has 2 writing tasks while the TCF has 3 — and they’re scored on completely different scales.
| Detail | TEF Canada | TCF Canada |
|---|---|---|
| Total time | 60 minutes | 60 minutes |
| Number of tasks | 2 tasks | 3 tasks |
| Task types | A: Narrative/descriptive (80+ words) B: Argumentative essay (200+ words) |
1: Short message (60+ words) 2: Formal letter (120+ words) 3: Comparative essay (180+ words) |
| Scoring scale | 0-450 points | 0-20 points |
| CLB 7 minimum | 310/450 | 12/20 |
| CLB 5 minimum | 226/450 | 6/20 |
| Format | Handwritten on paper | Handwritten on paper |
| Key difference | Argue ONE side | Compare BOTH sides, then choose |
Both exams are handwritten on paper — no spellcheck, no backspace, no editing. If you’ve only been typing French on your phone, your handwriting speed and accuracy will suffer on exam day. Practicing by hand is non-negotiable.
TEF Section A: The Descriptive/Narrative Task
Section A is your warm-up. You’ll describe an experience, narrate an event, or write a message like a letter or email. Minimum 80 words — aim for 100-120 to show range without stealing time from Section B. This is the more approachable task, designed to ease you into writing.
Sample prompt: Vous avez participé à un événement culturel dans votre ville. Écrivez un message à un(e) ami(e) pour lui raconter cette expérience. (80 mots minimum)
📝 Model Structure for Section A
-
- Opening (1-2 sentences): Set context — Salut Marie ! Je voulais te raconter ma soirée de samedi dernier. Je suis allé(e) au festival culturel de Vancouver.
- Description (3-4 sentences): What happened — Il y avait de la musique, des danses traditionnelles et des stands de nourriture du monde entier. J’ai essayé des plats vietnamiens et marocains.
- Feelings (1-2 sentences): Your reaction — C’était vraiment une belle expérience. J’ai adoré découvrir toutes ces cultures différentes.
- Closing (1 sentence): Natural wrap-up — J’espère que tu pourras venir avec moi l’année prochaine !
Key tip: Use passé composé for completed actions (je suis allé, j’ai essayé) and imparfait for descriptions and feelings (il y avait, c’était). This mix of verb tenses shows grammatical range — exactly what examiners reward.
Time budget: 15 minutes maximum. Section B is worth ~60% of your score — don’t let Section A steal your time.
TEF Section B: The Argumentative Essay + Full Model Answer
This is where your score is made or lost. Section B accounts for roughly 60% of your TEF expression écrite score — and it’s the task that separates CLB 5 from CLB 7.
Sample prompt: Certaines personnes pensent que le télétravail est bénéfique pour les employés, tandis que d’autres préfèrent travailler au bureau. Exprimez votre opinion en présentant des arguments et des exemples. (200 mots minimum)
🏗️ The 5-Paragraph Template
Memorize this structure. Use it for every Section B essay regardless of the topic:
-
- Introduction: State topic + your position (2-3 sentences)
- Argument 1: Strongest point + concrete example (3-4 sentences)
- Argument 2: Second supporting point (3-4 sentences)
- Counterargument + Refutation: Acknowledge opposing view, then refute (2-3 sentences)
- Conclusion: Restate your position (2 sentences)
✍️ Full Model Answer (CLB 7 Level)
Here’s what a complete Section B response looks like using the template above. Study the structure, connectors, and register:
Aujourd’hui, le télétravail est devenu une réalité pour de nombreux employés à travers le monde. Bien que certains préfèrent le cadre traditionnel du bureau, je pense que le travail à distance offre des avantages considérables pour les travailleurs modernes.
Premièrement, le télétravail permet une meilleure gestion du temps personnel. Les employés n’ont plus besoin de passer des heures dans les transports en commun chaque jour. Par exemple, un travailleur de Vancouver peut économiser jusqu’à deux heures quotidiennement, ce temps pouvant être consacré à la famille ou à l’exercice physique.
De plus, travailler depuis son domicile offre un environnement plus calme et personnalisé. Les distractions fréquentes du bureau — les conversations entre collègues, les réunions imprévues — sont considérablement réduites. Par conséquent, de nombreuses études démontrent une augmentation de la productivité chez les télétravailleurs.
Certes, le manque de contact social au bureau peut représenter un inconvénient important. L’isolement professionnel est un risque réel. Cependant, les outils numériques modernes tels que les visioconférences et les messageries instantanées permettent de maintenir des relations professionnelles efficaces à distance.
En conclusion, le télétravail représente une évolution positive du monde professionnel. Il offre flexibilité et efficacité tout en s’adaptant aux besoins de la société contemporaine.
That’s 193 words of French, hitting every scoring criterion. Notice the connectors (premièrement, de plus, par conséquent, certes, cependant, en conclusion), the counterargument paragraph, and the formal register throughout. This template alone puts you in CLB 6-7 territory.

Try Our TEF & TCF Sample Tests
Real-format prompts for both exams with scoring guides so you know exactly where you stand.
Access Free Sample Tests →
TCF Expression Écrite: 3 Tasks, Progressive Difficulty
The TCF takes a different approach — 3 tasks that increase in difficulty instead of 2. Even if Task 3 is tough, strong performances on Tasks 1 and 2 still contribute to your score.
💬 Task 1 — Short Message (60+ words) · 10 min
Write a simple everyday message — an email to a friend, a note to a neighbour, a response to an invitation. Keep it natural and don’t overthink it; this task tests basic communication, not literary talent.
Sample prompt: Votre voisin vous a aidé(e) pendant votre absence. Écrivez-lui un message pour le remercier et lui proposer de dîner ensemble. (60 mots minimum)
📧 Task 2 — Formal Letter (120+ words) · 15 min
A step up in formality. You might write a letter to a mayor, a complaint to a service provider, or an article for a school newsletter. The key shift here is register — you need to sound formal and structured.
Sample prompt: Votre ville souhaite supprimer un espace vert pour construire un parking. Écrivez une lettre au maire pour exprimer votre opposition et proposer une alternative. (120 mots minimum)
Use formal expressions: Madame la Maire, Je me permets de vous écrire afin de… and close with Veuillez agréer, Madame, l’expression de mes salutations distinguées. These formulas are expected — skipping them signals you don’t know the register.
📊 Task 3 — Comparative Essay (180+ words) · 30 min
This is the TCF’s highest-value task and the one that determines CLB 7. Unlike TEF Section B where you argue one side, the TCF asks you to present both viewpoints fairly before stating your position.
Sample prompt: Certains pensent que les réseaux sociaux rapprochent les gens, d’autres estiment qu’ils les isolent. Comparez ces deux points de vue et donnez votre opinion. (180 mots minimum)
TCF Task 3 model structure:
-
- Introduction: Present the debate neutrally — Les réseaux sociaux font désormais partie intégrante de notre quotidien. Cependant, leur impact sur les relations humaines divise l’opinion publique.
- Viewpoint 1: Explain fairly — D’un côté, les partisans des réseaux sociaux soulignent qu’ils permettent de maintenir des liens avec des proches éloignés et de créer de nouvelles communautés.
- Viewpoint 2: Explain fairly — De l’autre côté, les critiques observent que le temps passé en ligne remplace souvent les interactions en personne, ce qui peut engendrer un sentiment d’isolement.
- Your position: Choose with nuance — À mon avis, les réseaux sociaux sont un outil dont l’impact dépend de l’usage qu’on en fait. Utilisés avec modération, ils enrichissent nos relations.
- Conclusion: Summarize — En définitive, la clé réside dans l’équilibre entre le monde numérique et les interactions réelles.
The critical difference: TEF asks you to argue one side, TCF asks you to compare both sides first. If you prepare both formats, you’re ready for either exam.

Have Questions About the TEF or TCF?
Join our free weekly Masterclass — every Thursday from 6 to 7 PM PST. Ask our native French teachers anything about exam preparation, from writing strategies to study planning.
Join the Free Masterclass →
What Do TEF and TCF Examiners Actually Score?
Both exams evaluate the same core skills but weight them differently. Understanding these criteria lets you focus preparation where it counts most.
| Criterion | TEF Expectation (CLB 7) | TCF Expectation (CLB 7) |
|---|---|---|
| Task completion | All parts addressed with detail | All 3 tasks completed, Task 3 fully developed |
| Structure | Clear 5-paragraph essay with counterargument | Both viewpoints presented before opinion |
| Vocabulary | Varied, precise, topic-appropriate | Varied, precise, register-appropriate across tasks |
| Grammar | Mostly accurate, minor errors acceptable | Mostly accurate, minor errors acceptable |
| Register | Formal throughout Section B | Informal (Task 1) → Formal (Tasks 2-3) |
The #1 insight most students miss: you don’t need perfect grammar to score CLB 7. Examiners expect minor errors at this level. What they won’t forgive is poor structure, incomplete answers, or repetitive vocabulary. A well-organized essay with occasional spelling mistakes will outscore a grammatically flawless wall of text every time.
5 Writing Strategies That Work for Both Exams
1️⃣ Memorize 15-20 Connector Phrases
Connectors are the backbone of any high-scoring essay — and they’re free points because you can memorize them before the exam:
-
- Adding: de plus, en outre, par ailleurs, également
- Contrasting: cependant, néanmoins, en revanche, toutefois
- Concluding: en conclusion, par conséquent, ainsi, en somme
- Giving examples: par exemple, notamment, en effet, c’est-à-dire
2️⃣ Practice Writing by Hand — Every Day
Both the TEF and TCF expression écrite are handwritten. No spellcheck, no backspace. Write at least 200 words by hand daily in the weeks before your test. Your hand cramps, your handwriting gets messy, and your brain forgets how to spell without autocorrect — unless you practice.
3️⃣ Always Include a Counterargument
This is the single biggest differentiator between CLB 5 and CLB 7 essays. Students who only argue one side plateau at CLB 5-6. Acknowledging and refuting the opposing view demonstrates critical thinking — and for TCF Task 3, you must present both perspectives.
4️⃣ Build Vocabulary Banks by Topic
Build lists of 10-15 words for common exam topics: technology, environment, education, work, health, culture. On exam day, you’ll have precise words ready instead of defaulting to bon, bien, chose in every sentence.
5️⃣ Budget Your Time Strategically
-
- TEF: 15 min Section A → 40 min Section B → 5 min review
- TCF: 10 min Task 1 → 15 min Task 2 → 30 min Task 3 → 5 min review
Common Mistakes That Cost You Points
After coaching 4,000+ students, our native French teachers from France and Quebec see the same errors over and over:
-
- Missing gender agreements. Students write les personnes sont allés instead of allées — this appears in roughly 80% of practice essays. It’s one of the easiest points to recover.
- Writing exactly the minimum. Hitting 80 or 200 words signals minimal effort. Aim 20-30% above: 100-120 for Section A, 230-260 for Section B.
- No paragraph breaks. A wall of text = automatic points lost on structure. One idea per paragraph, clear visual separation.
- Using et and mais as your only connectors. This screams “limited vocabulary” to examiners. Use de plus, cependant, néanmoins, par conséquent instead.
- Forgetting French accents. In handwriting, every missing é, è, ê, à, ç counts as a spelling error. Students who don’t practice writing accents by hand lose 5-10 points they didn’t need to lose.
- Skipping the 5-minute review. Rereading catches agreement errors, missing accents, and incomplete sentences. Those 5 minutes are worth more than an extra paragraph.
How Our TEF/TCF Prep Course Builds Your Writing Skills
Reading strategies helps. But practicing under exam conditions with feedback from native French speakers is what moves your score from CLB 5 to CLB 7.
In our TEF/TCF Preparation Course, the writing module includes:
-
- Weekly timed writing practice — TEF and TCF prompts under real exam conditions
- Individual written feedback from our 14 native French teachers
- Template drills — 5-paragraph structure and TCF comparative format until they’re automatic
- Mock exams scored using actual TEF and TCF criteria
Here’s what one of our recent students shared:
“I was nervous about the writing and speaking sections, but the mock exams gave me so much confidence. I got CLB 7 on my first try!”
— Denise, Vancouver ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐ Google Review
95% of our students pass on their first attempt. Rated 5.0 stars across 200+ Google reviews.
Starting from zero? Our 12-month TEF/TCF for Beginners program takes you from no French to exam-ready — including dedicated writing preparation for both the TEF expression écrite and TCF expression écrite.
Already preparing for other sections? Read our Expression Orale guide for speaking, our Compréhension Écrite guide for reading, or the complete TEF preparation overview.
